Sub-Scale Testing of Decontamination Technologies Against SARS-CoV-2 BSL-2 Surrogate, HuCoV229E, and BSL-1 Surrogate, Phi6

This report summarizes the efficacy results of virucidal chemicals against bacteriophage, Phi6 (biosafety level [BSL]-1), and human coronavirus (HuCoV229E; BSL-2) on three surface types: keyboard plastic, aluminum, and nylon webbing. The study was completed at two levels: (1) laboratory-scale using small coupons and (2) sub-scale using the control panel, seat cushion, and seat belt from a C-117 aircraft. A standardized Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (Paris, France) method was used during the laboratory-scale phase. Virus was retrieved for the sub-scale phase by surface sampling. Before the experimental phase of the study, a literature review was conducted on possible surrogates of SARS-CoV-2 (the causative virus for Coronavirus disease-2019), disinfection approaches, and virucidal chemicals. Three products (Calla 1452, Lysol, and bleach) from the Environmental Protection Agency (Washington, DC) N-list and three experimental chemicals (DiChlor,OxiClean, and Bioxy) were selected for testing. The results showed high variability in virus recovery and inactivation. These experiments were conducted in a closed environment. An electrostatic sprayer was used to deliver the test chemicals. Partial inactivation by three chemicals (DiChlor, OxiClean, and Calla 1452) was observed. The search for novel technologies to combat emerging viral and bacterial threats will better prepare our Warfighters and first responders.