Labyrinth Seal Analysis. Volume 3. Analytical and Experimental Development of a Design Model for Labyrinth Seals

A thorough review of the literature concerning labyrinth seals was conducted and the significant geometric and aerodynamic parameters influencing leakage were identified. An extensive data base was accumulated from published and in-house experimental results as the foundation for the development of a design model for labyrinth seals. Full-size two-dimensional seal geometries were tested to extend the data range in key areas. The empirically based model was developed using statistical methods to define correlating equations based the seal parameters. Comparison of the resulting model to experimental data revealed an accuracy of or - 5. Flow visualization studies yielded qualitative descriptions of the internal flow fields and loss mechanisms at work in both straight and stepped labyrinth seals. Measurement of pressures and temperatures in the seal cavities provided data for comparison with theoretical predictions. Hot-wire anemometer data for internal velocity profiles were in qualitative agreement with the Navier-Stokes analyses. Volume I summarizes the labyrinth seal analysis model. Volume II presents the users manual for the analysis model computer code. Volume III contains the experimental results and summarizes the design model based on these empirical data. Volume IV presents the users manual for the design model computer code. Keywords Rotating seals, Contactless seals, Gas path seals, Interstage seals, Air leakage in gas turbines.