All Those Who Remained: The American-Led Guerillas in the Philippines, 1942-1945

During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, American and Filipino soldiers behind enemy lines, and some civilians, formed guerilla groups to oppose the Japanese forces. The guerillas supported the eventual US liberation of the Philippines. The Luzon Guerilla Area Forces, the US Forces in the Philippines-North Luzon, and the East Central Luzon Guerilla Area forces directly supported the US liberation of the island of Luzon through all phases of the campaign. This monograph evaluates the effectiveness of these American-led guerilla groups in supporting the US liberation of Luzon. The analysis of guerilla efforts is in four areas the development of intelligence to support the US landings on Luzon, the continued support of the Filipino civilian populace for a US return, operations behind Japanese lines to disrupt lines of communication and supply activities, and the integration of guerilla units into US formations during major combat operations during the re-conquest.