Chondrosarcoma in Childhood: The Radiologic and Clinical Conundrum

Less than 10 of chondrosarcomas occur in children. In addition, as little as 0.5 of low-grade chondrosarcomas arise secondarily from benign chondroid lesions. The presence of focal pain is often used to crudely distinguish a chondrosarcoma which is usually managed with wide surgical excision, from a benign chondroid lesion which can be followed by clinical exams and imaging surveillance. Given the difficulty of localizing pain in the pediatric population, initial radiology findings and short-interval followup, both imaging and clinical, are critical to accurately differentiate a chondrosarcoma from a benign chondroid lesion. To our knowledge, no case in the literature discusses a chondrosarcoma possibly arising secondarily from an enchondroma in a pediatric patient. We present a clinicopathologic and radiology review of conventional chondrosarcomas. We also attempt to further the understanding of how to manage a chondroid lesion in the pediatric patient with only vague or bilateral complaints of pain.