Nitroamino and Nitro Energetics

The syntheses and characterization of five groups of energetic salts 5-nitroiminotetrazolates, mono-oxy-nitroiminotetrazolates and bis-oxy-nitroiminotetrazolates 1-hydrazinyl-2,2-dinitro-ethanamine salts 5-nitro-3-trinitromethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazolates, and 5,5-bistrinitromethyl-3,3-azo-1H-1,2,4-triazoIates 3,4,5-trinitropyrazolate and trinitropyrazole-1-olate salts and three groups of energetic molecular compounds polynitramines, mono-, di-, and trisubstituted nitroiminotetrazoles, and trinitromethyl-substituted 5-nitro or 3-azo-1,2,4-triazoles are described. The presence of nitro groups contributes markedly to the oxygen content in our effort to synthesize materials to compete successfully with ammonium perchlorate as the oxidizer of choice. Many of these materials have properties, including more positive heats of formation kJg, competitive detonation pressures and velocities, and lower impact sensitivities, superior to those of RDX and, in some cases, of HMX. Very often water is the reaction solvent of choice which speaks positively to hydrolytic stability and enhances the greenness of the synthesis.