Analytical Study of Battle Strategies Used at Marathon (490 BCE)

This battle analysis examines the function of strategic leadership in the defeat of the Persians at the battle of Marathon. Development of a victorious strategy depends upon a clear understanding of the objectives and must include an accurate appraisal of ones assets and limitations as well as those of the enemy. Ultimately, a strategy must exploit ones strengths against an opponents limitations by incorporating historical knowledge and adjusting to changes for current circumstances. Political and military leaders charged with formulating strategy operate in a world devoid of absolute knowledge and are forced to make assumptions on how their adversary will act or react. They understand completely the numerous factors that will affect a strategic performance. To accomplish a desired strategic result from a selected strategy requires visionary leadership. When countries go to war, strategic leadership is the one true thing that can unite a country and hold it together. The Athenians actions at Marathon are most notable. Against the Persians, they lacked power to negotiate and were at a significant strategic disadvantage. Superior leadership was directly responsibility for the Athenian victory. Despite her strategic limitations, Athens would defy an Empire and furnish the Persians a crushing defeat.