The Use of the Show of Force In Support of U.S. Foreign Policy

The purpose of this thesis is to review some uses of shows of force in the past, to relate the use to certain planned shows of force in potential contingencies of the future, and to determine whether the contemplated future usages conform to the lessons of history. Reference historically to the uses of shows of force reveals that several characteristics or circumstances seem to prevail in those instances in which the show of force has been successful. The most significant of these are that the purpose of conducting the show of force is political, the action portrayed must be credible, and that coordination of political and military effort must occur. Recent history, as well as public statements at the highest governmental levels, indicates that the show of force remains a potentially potent tool, and that it may well again be resorted to as a manner of employing the armed forces in support of national policies. Recent history also reflects that the basic characteristic of the show of force remains as above outlined. This paper concludes that a greater degree of political and military coordination in the conduct of shows of force is required, and that instructions for preparations of future plans for such contingencies should be provided the commanders concerned.