America's State Defense Forces: An Historical Component of National Defense
Abstract:
Throughout American history, the bulk of U.S. military forces fighting during the nations major wars at least through the end of the 19th Century were men who volunteered for state militia units, whether organized or unorganized. The currently existing state defense forces are the direct descendent organizations of such traditional American militias. For national or homeland defense, the U.S. military has always relied upon these militias, which are groups of part-timers assembled for contingencies. This article describes the structure and missions of state defense forces or state militias during and after the Civil War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Cold War, and after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.