An Acute, Time-Weighted Exposure of Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI) and the HDI-Ethanol Urethane Monomer, Hexamethylene BIS (Ethyl Carbamate) (HDC)

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Abstract:

Hexamethylene diisocyanate HDI is a compound that is condensed with a diol or triol to form polyurethanes, which form the structural matrix of some industrial paints. HDI is readily used in high-performance paints such as those used to protect aircraft, and is easily released mechanically during industrial painting operations. Like other isocyanates, HDI is believed to cause occupational asthma via a type-I hypersensitive reaction in the lung epithelium. Since no satisfactory correlation has been established between the maximum allowable time-weighted average based on an eight-hour standard and the actual concentration of HDI present in most aircraft paint formulations, the immunologic effects of polyurethanes formed from isocyanates, if any, are less severe than those caused by HDI. This study consisted of a time-weighted, in vivo, subchronic, whole-body inhalation study on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Since the effects of a HDC were less than HDI, this study provided a better understanding of some of the toxicological impacts of HDI versus its proposed regulatory limits.

Author(s):
Smith, Ray A.
Author Organization(s):
TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN
Descriptive Note:
Master's thesis
Pagination:
0100

Security Markings

DOCUMENT & CONTEXTUAL SUMMARY

Distribution:
Approved For Public Release

RECORD

Collection: TR
Identifying Numbers
Report Number(s):
AFIT-98-104
Monitor Series:
98-104, AFIT
 Subject Terms
Joint Capability Areas:
JCA_5_Command and Control; JCA_7.2.1_Mitigate Lethal Effects; JCA_7.2_Mitigate; JCA_7_Protection; JCA_5.3_Planning; JCA_1.2.7_Experimentation; JCA_5.6.1_Assess Compliance with Guidance; JCA_5.6_Monitor; JCA_1.2.3_Educating; JCA_1.2.5_Lessons Learned
Communities of Interest:
Biomedical
Descriptor(s):
*PAINTS, *METHYLENES, *ISOCYANATES, *HISTOLOGY, *TOXICOLOGY, *INHALATION, *CARBAMATES, *ETHANOLS, *URETHANES, AIR FORCE, EPITHELIUM, AIRCRAFT, PERFORMANCE(ENGINEERING), THESES, PROTECTIVE COATINGS, LUNG, RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, IMMUNOLOGY, POLYURETHANE RESINS, IN VIVO ANALYSIS, ETHYL RADICALS, FORMULATIONS(CHEMISTRY)
Field(s)/Group(s):
Toxicology, Microbiology, Organic Chemistry
Keyword(s):
HDI(HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE), DIOLS, TRIOLS, STRUCTURAL MATRIX, OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA, SUBCHRONIC, ADULT MALE RATS, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, OSHA(OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION), *TIME WEIGHTED EXPOSURE, *HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATE, MONOMERS, HDC(HEXAMETHYLENE BIS ETHYL CARBAMATE)
Report Date:
1998 Oct 27
Creation Date:
1998 Dec 02