A Simplified Modeling Approach for Estimating Heat Loss During Cold Exposure.

Equations to predict heat debt D and survival time ST were derived from a simple ration model Burton and Edholm, 1955 that predicted the clothing in insulation lr. The methodology is analogous to a more complex approach derived by Holmer 1984 to calculate required insulation IREQ and survival times. The derived equations parallel simple models developed by other investigators Tikulsis and Frim, 1995 , but are explained in sufficient detail to allot other users to fully understand the methods and to develop variations of the basic model. The derived equations are used to calculate values for comparison to both theoretical and experimental results. The equation development process demonstrates both basic heat transfer principles and the derivation of a simple model. Other equation modifications are suggested provide insight into how basic models may be used in conjunction with experimental data I develop more sophisticated models. The equations may be used to generate predictions that may be used as simple alternative hypotheses for cold exposure modeling validation studies.