Thallium Toxicity: The Problem; An Analytical Approach; An Antidotal Study

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Abstract:

Thallium T1 is a highly toxic metal that is anthropogenically concentrated in the environment. Tl toxicity and the quantitative analysis of trace levels of Tl in biologic materials by atomic absorption spectroscopy is reviewed a study designed to evaluate the antidotal efficacy of 2 compounds in the treatment of acute Tl toxicity in rats is documented. Unithiol 2,3- dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid, DMPS and prussian blue potassium ferric hexacyanoferrateII, PB, given alone and in combination, were evaluated as antidotes in the treatment of acute thallotoxicosis in male Sprauge-Dawley rats. The relative accumulation of Tl in organs was kidneyheartliver-brain. PB induced significant decorporation of Tl from all tissues. DMPS failed to significantly decrease the Tl content in any organ, but significantly decreased the Tl content in whole blood. PBDMPS treatment significantly decreased the Tl content in all organs, but to no greater extent than PB alone. PB and PBDMPS treatments significantly increased the Tl content of feces, whereas DMPS treatment alone produced little effect. This study indicates that PB is a beneficial antidote in the treatment of acute thallotoxicosis in rats. The failure of DMPS to significantly decrease the Tl content in 4 target organs suggests it would not be useful in the treatment of Tl poisoning....Thallium, Poison, Antidote, Chelator, Prussian blue, Potassium ferric hexacyanoferrateII , Unithiol, 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid, Rat.

Author(s):
Mulkey, James P.
Author Organization(s):
ARMY STUDENT DETACHMENT FORT BENJAMIN HARRISON IN
Descriptive Note:
Master's thesis,
Pagination:
0251

Security Markings

DOCUMENT & CONTEXTUAL SUMMARY

Distribution:
Approved For Public Release
Distribution Statement:
Approved For Public Release; Distribution Is Unlimited.

RECORD

Collection: TR
Identifying Numbers
Monitor Series:
USASD
 Subject Terms
Joint Capability Areas:
JCA_5_Command and Control; JCA_5.3_Planning; JCA_5.3.1_Analyze Problem; JCA_4.5.4_Requirements Definition; JCA_4.5_Operational Contract Support; JCA_5.3.2_Apply Situational Understanding; JCA_4.1_Deployment and Distribution; JCA_1.3.2_Personnel Management; JCA_1.2.3_Educating; JCA_1.2.5_Lessons Learned; JCA_JCA_4.1.2_Sustain the Force
Modernization Areas:
Microelectronics
Communities of Interest:
Biomedical
Descriptor(s):
*METALS, *TOXICITY, *ANTIDOTES, *THALLIUM, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS, ENVIRONMENTS, BIOLOGY, FAILURE, TARGETS, ABSORPTION, SULFUR COMPOUNDS, SULFONIC ACIDS, PROPANE, BLOOD, POTASSIUM, POISONS, ATOMIC PROPERTIES, BLUE(COLOR), ACCUMULATION, MALES, IRON, THESES, BRAIN, RATS, SPECTROSCOPY, MATERIALS
Field(s)/Group(s):
Toxicology, Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry
Keyword(s):
UNITHIOL, 2, 3 DIMERCAPTO 1 PROPANESULFONIC ACID, POTASSIUM FERRIC HEXACYANOFERRATE(II), PRUSSIAN BLUE, SULFHYDRYL GROUP, KIDNEY, LIVER, HEART
Report Date:
1993 May 15