Ship Model Testing in Level Ice. An Overview

The main points covered are 1modeling criteria for ships in ice, which must take into account the presence of a solid boundary at the water surface 2 types of model ice used in various tanks-saline ice, urea-doped ice, EGADS ice and synthetic ice 3 techniques for growing model ice sheets, and achieving and monitoring the required ice properties 4 limitations of both model ice and property measurement techniques 5 model testing procedures for EHP and SHP tests and their limitations 6 comparison between model test results and available full-scale trials data 7 existing empirical and analytical or semi-analytical algorithms for predicting ship performance in level ice 8 current research at CRREL and other research facilities to improve modeling techniques and data interpretation and 9 novel bow designs for ice-transiting vessels.