Development of a Technical Practice for Rudders and Diving Planes. Part II. Torque Predictions,

The purpose of the subject task is to develop a technical practice for calculating the rudder and diving plane torque requirements. In the course of this development, the current NAVSEC procedure for estimating the torque requirements was updated and documented the current state of the art was defined to determine if the current procedure should be revised and recommendations were made for future research and development to fill gaps in the current technology. The scope of this study is restricted to the force and torque calculation procedure for rudders and diving planes, although it is realized that this is only a part of the larger problem of predicting ship maneuverability. The study of ship hull maneuvering characteristics and the propert selection of control surface area, location and shape and other parameters which affect the torque requirements, were covered very briefly in this report.