'Hippelates' Eye Gnats: A Review and Bibliography.

A review of the published work on Hippelates pusio taxonomy, life cycle, behavior, flight range, medical importance, and Hippelates control is presented. Following the literature review is a comprehensive bibliographic listing of Hippelates references. The author concludes that the primary emphasis in developing an eye-gnat control program at Robins AFB, Georgia, should be placed on controlling the adults. Currently, the control of immature stages would be impractical because of the Federal restrictions placed on the use of residual insecticides and the expense of treating large eye-gnat breeding areas. Of the adult control procedures available, insecticide treatments similar to those used for mosquito control would be the most promising approach because of the Air Forces inability to treat off-base areas, and the time and expense required to develop a control program using any of the other available control techniques.