Environmental Biodetection and Human Biosurveillance Research and Development for National Security: Priorities for the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate

Biological threats are among the priorities addressed by the biodefense community and, more broadly, the U.S. homeland security enterprise. Early detection of such threats is a foundation for preparedness and timely, effective response to a biological attack. As potential adversaries become more decentralized and capable in the development and deployment of biological weapons, U.S. research and development R and D must strive to stay ahead to effectively detect biological threats and minimize their effects. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security DHS Science and Technology DirectorateS and T asked the Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center HSOAC to assess priorities for its investments in R and D, specifically addressing biological threats. The project entailed three tasks 1 assess the relevant policy and practice landscape for national biosurveillance and biodetection efforts 2 conceptualize how R and D can be brought to bear to improve biosurveillance and biodetection and 3 review and assess DHS S and T R and D in support of biosurveillance and biodetection programs.