Surface Area Analysis Using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Method: Standard Operating Procedure Series: SOP-C

Many of the unique, intrinsic properties associated with nanomaterials arise from the large surface-to-volume ratio of these exceptionally small materials. Surface area properties may also be relatable to environmental fate and hazard implications therefore, accurately measuring surface area is extremely important for material characterization. The most commonly used method of measuring the surface area of nanomaterials is the Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller BET surface adsorption method. This protocol has been developed to describe the theory, application, limitations and sample preparation requirements to enable more accurate, precise and well informed use of the BET method. Two materials nano aluminum oxide and nano graphene were taken through a sample BET analysis to provide an example of the methodology and how to apply it for surface area analysis. Although the specific requirements for BET analysis will vary with different instrument models and manufacturers, the purpose of this protocol is to provide a foundational understanding of the steps involved, how to perform them in a repeatable and reliable manner, and to provide the theory behind the analysis.