Some Research Centers for Physics and Space Physics in Scandinavia. Part I. Norway,

After some general remarks on higher education in Scandinavia, a two-day visit to the University of Oslos Astrophysics and Physics Departments and the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment NDRE is summarized. Astrophysicists at the UO are working on the abundance of the elements in the solar atmosphere and on the possibility of testing cosmological theories by the gravitational lens effect. The propagation of VLF waves is being studied extensively, and there is a small one man effort on the instability of a plasma column confined by a magnetic field and on the energy of two-electron atomic systems. At the NDRE the morphology of the troposphere and the upper layers of the ionosphere are being studied by the scattering of electromagnetic waves by irregularities in the troposophere and by the use of rockets and satellites. Author