Ferroelectric Bismuth Titanate Single Crystals.
Abstract:
Investigations carried out and the results obtained during an eighteen month program on ferroelectric bismuth titanate single crystal growth are described. Single crystal growth techniques studied included horizontal and vertical gradient high temperature solution, Czochralski direct melt, top-seeded and immersed seeded solution experiments. Effects of raw material purity and the incorporation of known and controlled cations on the growth and morphology of Bi4Ti3O12 single crystals were examined. Modified author abstract
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