APPLICATIONS OF CRYOGENIC TECHNIQUES TO MATERIALS RESEARCH,

Materials research applies cryogenic techniques in two large categories 1 Investigations of materials properties at low temperatures provides optimal structural components in cryogenic engineering and suitable materials for low-temperature applications. The areas of interest in particular are mechanical, electrical, and thermophysical properties. 2 Solid-state analysis provides general knowledge of materials by methods which require absence or reduction of perturbing thermal excitations. Main areas of research are analysis of lattice defects and impurities, refined constitution analysis by rf and Mossbauer spectroscopy, determination of the Fermi surface, and dielectric and magnetic properties.