STRAIN METERS AND STRESS METERS FOR EMBEDMENT IN MODELS OF MASS CONCRETE STRUCTURES

The report summarizes the results of an extensive literature review and a worldwide survey to develop information on small, embedded stress meters and strain meters suitable for model work and long-term investigations. Following a discussion of general problems of internal strain and stress measurement in concrete, including a brief review of the advantages and disadvantages of various systems of measurement, numerous particular meters are described in detail, and their applicability to model work is tentatively assessed. Although this report is primarily concerned with internal strain meters, some of the most important stress meters will also be discussed briefly. The information collected reveals a lack of small, embedded meters suitable for long-term model studies, and indicates that in the past primarily two measuring principles were used for long-term measurements in concrete these were the unbonded wire and the acoustic meter.