CHEMOELECTRIC ENERGY CONVERSION FOR NONAQUEOUS RESERVE BATTERIES.

Reference electrodes based on metallic lead and lead compounds were investigated. Using the PbPb satd. lead nitrate electrode as a standard zero potential, then for PbPbCl2-Cl-, E 25 mv for Pb treated with water empirical oxide coating E 190 mv for bare clean Pb, E 200 mv. The redox potentials of new types of solutes such as ammonium carbonate and bicarbonate were studied with a chronopotentiometric technique, their limiting parameters determined, and the results related to observations in voltaic-cell tests. Results of tests on cells in which conventional electrolytes were eliminated and in which their function of providing electrolytic conduction was supplied by the solution of cathode material in the liquid ammonia indicated the feasibility of such cells for hardware applications. Inherently, these cells consisting of a sheet metal anode, one electrolyte-cathode pad, and a sheet metal cathector may be classified as thin cells. The electrolyte solution-activation method was evaluated in a statistically designed experiment. The results were that 1 the Li cells had higher voltage than the Mg cells, 2 solution-activated cells consistently had higher voltage than solvent-activated cells, and 3 cells discharged at low cursity had higher voltages than at higher cursity. Author