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Accession Number:
AD1197521
Title:
Toxicity of Fire-Fighting Foams to Soil Invertebrates Enchytraeus Crypticus and Folsomia Candida
Report Date:
2023-03-01
Abstract:
Legacy aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) formulations containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to accumulation in soil invertebrates and terrestrial plants in previous studies. Alternative PFAS-free formulations are being developed and evaluated for their ability to meet current DoD performance requirements. The relative toxicities of PFAS free AFFFs as compared with legacy AFFF formulations are not known. We developed ecotoxicological data for seven PFAS-free formulations and a legacy AFFF formulation by determining chronic toxicity for soil invertebrates Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida. Test species were exposed in separate studies to each formulation in a natural soil, Sassafras sandy loam. Toxicity data derived from this project will be used to develop soil ecotoxicological risk factors (SERFs) to identify which AFFF formulation would exhibit lesser environmental toxicity while meeting the current DoD performance requirements.
Document Type:
Conference:
Journal:
Pages:
62
File Size:
2.52MB
Contracts:
Grants:
Distribution Statement:
Approved For Public Release
