Accession Number:
ADA535133
Title:
Tungsten Speciation in Firing Range Soils
Descriptive Note:
Final rept.
Corporate Author:
ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH
Personal Author(s):
Report Date:
2011-01-01
Pagination or Media Count:
82.0
Abstract:
Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy XAS of select surface soil samples obtained from Camp Edwards, Massachusetts, small arms ranges indicate that little tungsten metal remains in the soil and that is not stable in the natural environment. X-ray absorption near edge structure XANES studies indicate rapid oxidation of tungsten metal to form tungsten oxides WVI, polytungstates, tungstates, and polyoxometallates POM in any number of forms. Owing to structural similarities, it is difficult to identify specific species or discriminate between mineral species, although polytungstates and POMs predominate as compared to tungstates in soil. Additionally, this is the first study to identify the presence of tungsten POMs in soil. XANES spectra indicated that, as depth increased, the fraction of soil sorbed tungstate increased and both polytungstate and POM decreased, suggesting POM and polytungstates are more stable in surface soils and likely to persist, whereas tungstate is unstable. Tetrahedral tungstate is unstable in neutral and acidic pH solutions such as are present in Camp Edwards surface soils, resulting in its conversion to a variety of polytungstates. Adsorption of tungstate, although weak, appears to occur on iron oxide surfaces such as ferrihydrite. XAS studies also revealed prevalence of adsorbed polytungstates rather than discrete mineral phases.
Descriptors:
- *SOIL CHEMISTRY
- *TUNGSTEN
- *RANGES(FACILITIES)
- WATER
- ADSORPTION
- OXIDATION
- LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
- SAMPLING
- EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
- CHARTS
- SOLUBILITY
- X RAY SPECTROSCOPY
- DESORPTION
- MICROPROBES
- ISOTHERMS
- MASS SPECTROMETRY
- UNEXPLODED AMMUNITION
- TUNGSTEN OXIDES
- FLUORESCENCE
- TUNGSTATES
- COUPLING(INTERACTION)
- STABILITY
Subject Categories:
- Geology, Geochemistry and Mineralogy
- Metallurgy and Metallography
- Logistics, Military Facilities and Supplies