Accession Number:

ADA516430

Title:

Sudan: The Crisis in Darfur and Status of the North-South Peace Agreement

Descriptive Note:

Congressional rept.

Corporate Author:

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

Personal Author(s):

• Dagne, Ted

Report Date:

2010-02-04

Pagination or Media Count:

36.0

Abstract:

The crisis in Darfur began in February 2003, when two rebel groups emerged to challenge the National Congress Party NCP government in Darfur. The crisis in Darfur in western Sudan has led to a major humanitarian disaster, with an estimated 2.45 million people displaced, more than 240,000 people forced into neighboring Chad, and an estimated 450,000 people killed. In July 2004, the House and Senate declared the atrocities in Darfur genocide, and the Bush Administration reached the same conclusion in September 2004. On May 4, 2006, the Government of National Unity and the Sudan Liberation MovementArmy SLMA signed the Darfur Peace Agreement DPA after almost two years of negotiations. In July 2007, the U.N. Security Council passed Resolution 1769, authorizing the deployment of a robust peacekeeping force to Darfur. The resolution calls for the deployment of 26,000 peacekeeping troops to Darfur. The resolution authorized the United Nations African Union force in Darfur UNAMID to take all necessary measures to protect its personnel and humanitarian workers. As of November 2009, UNAMID deployed a total of 19,588 peacekeeping personnel. In July 2008, International Criminal Court ICC Chief Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo accused President Omar Bashir of Sudan of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes and asked ICC judges to issue an arrest warrant for President Bashir. On March 4, 2009, the ICC Pre-Trial Chamber issued a warrant of arrest for President Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity. In late October 2009, the Obama Administration announced a new Sudan policy. The new Sudan policy focuses on three policy priorities the crisis in Darfur, the implementation of the North-South peace agreement, and counterterrorism. The new policy links the lifting of sanctions and incentives to verifiable progress on the ground.

Descriptors:

• *AGREEMENTS
• *UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
• *PEACEKEEPING
• *SUDAN
• *WARFARE
• *GENOCIDE
• *GOVERNMENT(FOREIGN)
• *FOREIGN POLICY
• POLITICAL PARTIES
• CHINA
• NEGOTIATIONS
• CRIMES
• CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
• REFUGEES
• HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
• ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
• INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
• LEGISLATION
• COUNTERTERRORISM
• UNITED NATIONS
• CONFLICT
• SECURITY
• MILITARY FORCES(FOREIGN)
• CRISIS MANAGEMENT
• STARVATION

Subject Categories:

• Government and Political Science
• Sociology and Law
• Unconventional Warfare

Distribution Statement:

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE