Accession Number:

ADA278604

Title:

Solvent Acidity and Basicity in Polar Media and their Role in Solvation

Descriptive Note:

Technical rept.

Corporate Author:

CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY

Personal Author(s):

• Fawcett, W. R.

Report Date:

1994-04-20

Pagination or Media Count:

32.0

Abstract:

The acidic and basic properties of polar solvents are reviewed with attention focused on appropriate scales for estimating these important solvent parameters. It is shown that acidity and basicity scales can be related to the parameters arising in the mean spherical approximation for the Gibbs solvation energy of monoatomic cations and anions in polar solvents. Linear solvation energy relationships are used to analyze data for the Gibbs solvation energy of 1-1 electrolytes, the standard potentials of simple electrode reactions, and the solvent induced frequency shifts in the vibrational spectra of polar solutes. It is shown that, not only are solvent acidity and basicity important, but that macroscopic properties based on the solvents permittivity and refractive index also play a role in determining solvent effects.

Descriptors:

• *SOLVENTS
• *SOLVATION
• *ACIDS
• *POLARITY
• *BASES(CHEMISTRY)
• CATIONS
• ENERGY
• REFRACTIVE INDEX
• FREQUENCY SHIFT
• VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA
• MEDIA
• ANIONS
• ELECTROLYTES
• MEAN
• SPECTRA
• SOLUTES
• STANDARDS

Subject Categories:

• Physical Chemistry
• Solvents, Cleaners and Abrasives
• Electricity and Magnetism
• Atomic and Molecular Physics and Spectroscopy

Distribution Statement:

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE