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Accession Number:
AD1006837
Title:
The Effects of Toxic Particles in Human Lung Cells - Research Area 8. Life Sciences
Descriptive Note:
Technical Report,15 Jun 2009,14 Jun 2015
Corporate Author:
University of Southern Maine Portland United States
Report Date:
2016-01-05
Pagination or Media Count:
58.0
Abstract:
Six interrelated aims were investigated in this project 1 Characterize metal nanoparticles 2 Determine metal particle cytotoxicity inhuman lung cells 3 Demonstrate metal particle genotoxicity 4 Characterize metal particle-induced chromosome instability 5 Comparesilver and gold nanoparticle-induced effects and 6 Assess metal levels in whale skin biopsies in the Gulf of Mexico. The first five aimsfocused on three categories of metal particles nanoparticles, particles associated with metal-on-metal hip implants and microparticles ofmilitary concern. We found that silver, gold and titanium dioxide nanoparticles were relatively non-toxic. Only silver nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity after 120 h exposure time. None of the nanoparticles were genotoxic. Nanoparticles associated with metal-on-metal CrCoMbhip implants were found to be somewhat cytotoxic and genotoxic. However their component parts, chromium and cobalt, were found to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic and to induce chromosome instability. Molybdenum was not cytotoxic. We also considered micro-particles ofmilitary concern, including nickel, cobalt and depleted uranium DU. We observed significant cytotoxic and genotoxic effects from all ofthese particles. More specifically, we found that homologous recombination repair plays a significant role in DU-induced damage. Finally,we measured metal levels in 140 sperm whale sample from the Gulf of Mexico.
Distribution Statement:
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE
